Despite the fact that progress does not stop, everything in the world is modernizing and renewing, people have not learned to defeat helminths. They did not decrease even after new and effective pharmaceuticals.
Each parasite of the 250 known to humanity in its own way negatively affects people's health, causing various diseases with symptoms that are only their own.
Classification
To make it at least a little easier to deal with these parasites, people have become familiar with their study. There are several types of worms with similar characteristics and external data.
The first type includes pinworms. The second combines flatworms, which include tapeworms and trematodes.
The worms are:
- Contact;
- Biohelmintic;
- Geohelmintic.
This classification depends on the methods of its introduction into the body and places of distribution.
Biohelminths
These are bovine and porcine tapeworms, echtnococci, cestodes and trematodes. To fully pass their life cycle, these parasites need to change several hosts. They can infect insects, mollusks, crustaceans, fish, and humans, eventually becoming carriers of helminths.
Soil-transmitted helminths
These parasites include:
- Ascaris;
- Vlasoglava;
- Hookworms;
- Necadores;
These parasites do not need an intermediate host for their normal development.
Contact
This group includes roundworms, from which people get enterobiasis, and dwarf tapeworms, which are the cause of hymenolepiasis.
How can you get infected with worms?
- Biohelminths end up in a person due to ingestion of insufficiently processed pork and beef.
- In raw or slightly salted fish, a broad tapeworm or opistorchis may lurk, since river waters and lake waters are rich in parasite larvae that live in them. Vacationers often make fatal mistakes when drinking, washing dishes, or vegetables with that water.
- The soil-transmitted helminths, or rather their larvae, remain in the soil for some time and arrive together with the feces of infected people and animals. The new owner doesn't keep you waiting. There are many people who do not wash their hands in the open air or after working in the dirt.
- Helminthiasis can join a perfectly healthy person after contact with an infected person, if there are a lot of dust particles with parasite eggs in the air, through dishes and household items.
Where do worms settle in humans?
Most adult worms tend to settle in the colon. Pinworms and whipworms also find refuge there. In the liver, clonorchis, oporchis, fasciola are often observed. They all belong to the flukes.
They cause irreparable damage to the bile ducts and liver, forming echinococcal cysts, from which the worms disperse after rupture.
Common worms
The most common worms in humans are:
- Ascaris (causes ascariasis);
- Broad tapeworm (causes diphyllobothriasis);
- Intestinal worms (enterobiasis).
People who suffer from the proximity of these parasites suffer from hypovitaminosis, anemia and other disorders in the body.
- Ascariasis can occur in a person after eating unclean fruits and vegetables.
- Diphyllobothriasis is caused by undercooked fish and caviar.
- Enterobiasis occurs after contact with infected people.
The development of worms in the acute stage lasts from 15 to 65 days, the course of chronic worm infestation continues 35 to 65 days after the acute stage. Due to the presence of helminths in the organs, they are squeezed and mechanically damaged, both the organs and the nearby tissues.
The transition from helminthic invasion to a chronic form is fraught with a decrease in immunity, which leads to fungal, viral and bacterial diseases. Helminthic invasion often becomes the cause of cancer.
Signs of worms in an adult
Symptoms generally depend on which worm has invaded the body. For every Helminthic invasion, there are certain signs.
Ascariasis
Ascaris infection is characterized by the following symptoms:
- Skin rash;
- Nausea accompanied by abdominal pain;
- Decreased appetite
- Increased rates of eosonophiles.
The prolonged stay in the body of the ascaris can cause peritonitis, appendicitis and intestinal obstruction.
Diphyllobothriasis
This helminthic invasion is usually accompanied by the following symptoms:
- Nausea;
- Problems with stools;
- Isolation of parasitic fragments;
- Stomach ache;
- A strong loss of body weight.
Later, people develop severe anemia due to a lack of protein, iron, and vitamin B.
Enterobiasis
This disease is accompanied by:
- Itching in the anus, which can often result in dermatitis;
- Abdominal pain of unknown origin;
If we consider the general symptoms of helminthic invasion, then it manifests itself as follows:
- There are, for no apparent reason, incomprehensible itchy rashes;
- The sites of localization of the parasites swell;
- There is a cough without signs of a cold, with attacks of suffocation;
- Fever concerns;
- Regional lymph nodes are enlarged;
- Weakness, fatigue is observed;
- Serious diseases occur: allergic myocarditis, meningoencephalitis, pneumonia, hepatitis;
- The lymph nodes are affected;
- There is blood in the urine;
- The stool is disturbed, swelling is observed, and blood impurities are observed in the stool.
Treatment of worms in adults.
It is necessary to treat worms in humans strictly under the supervision and control of the attending physician. This applies to both children and adults. The slightest deviation in the dose of the drug can have serious consequences.
There are certain medications for each type of parasite:
- Preparations containing mebendazole can neutralize and destroy whipworm and enterobiasis.
- Medicines containing levomizole fight against hookworm, roundworm, nekator, toxoplasma, roundworm.
Home remedies
It is possible to cure and neutralize worms in adults using traditional methods. The most effective are pumpkin seeds. There is nothing complicated in the recipe.
You need to take the following ingredients:
- 100 g of peeled pumpkin seeds;
- 100 g of water;
- 2 tbsp. l honey
All this must be mixed well and mashed into mush. This mixture is consumed on an empty stomach at 1 tablespoon. spoon every hour. After that, you need to do a cleansing enema with the addition of garlic and take a laxative.
In no case should you self-medicate. Your doctor will tell you how to effectively treat worms. He will also prescribe the correct dose, the necessary diet, maintenance medications after the expulsion of the parasites. There is no need to panic and hysterical. Better get together and defeat this evil ASAP.
Prophylaxis
To try to avoid the helminth invasion, it doesn't take much. It is enough to follow some tips and recommendations from parasitologists:
- Live a healthy lifestyle.
- Use only clean water, individual household items.
- Monitor your pets' health, while taking steps to prevent helminth infestation.
- Eat only pure food.
- Perform a full heat treatment of meat and fish.
- Take medicine for worms to prevent worms, especially if there are four-legged pets in the home.
- Try to use slightly salted fish and their caviar as rarely as possible, and it is better to exclude them from the diet altogether.